In Single Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM), DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) enables identification of molecular clusters based on spatial density. By grouping closely packed localizations and excluding sparse points as noise, DBSCAN effectively detects nanoscale molecular assemblies without requiring a predefined number of clusters.

This approach allows extraction of key cluster properties such as localization count, cluster radius, density, and inter-cluster distances. In our lab, DBSCAN-based analysis is applied to study the nanoscale organization and interactions of biomolecular complexes such as mTORC1, helping uncover relationships between molecular structure and functional activity.